Abnormal maturation and differentiation of neocortical neurons in epileptogenic cortical malformation: Unique distribution of layer-specific marker cells of focal cortical dysplasia and hemimegalencephaly

► SATB2+, FOXP1+ or TBR1+ cells diffusely distributed in FCD and HME cerebrum. ► It may indicate abnormal neuronal migration and maturation. ► The expression pattern of SATB2, FOXP1, and TBR1 was different between FCD and HME.