کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
6276597 1614901 2011 16 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Cognitive, Behavioral, and Systems NeuroscienceResearch PaperLocalization, pharmacology, and organization of brain locomotor areas in larval lamprey
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علم عصب شناسی علوم اعصاب (عمومی)
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Cognitive, Behavioral, and Systems NeuroscienceResearch PaperLocalization, pharmacology, and organization of brain locomotor areas in larval lamprey
چکیده انگلیسی

In larval lamprey, spinal locomotor activity can be initiated by pharmacological microstimulation from the following higher order brain locomotor areas [Paggett et al. (2004) Neuroscience 125:25-33; Jackson et al. (2007) J Neurophysiol 97:3229-3241]: rostrolateral rhombencephalon (RLR); ventromedial diencephalon (VMD); or dorsolateral mesencephalon (DLM). In the present study, pharmacological microstimulation with excitatory amino acids (EAAs) or their agonists in the brains of in vitro brain/spinal cord preparations was used to determine the sizes, pharmacology, and organization of these locomotor areas. First, the RLR, DLM and VMD locomotor areas were confined to relatively small areas of the brain, and stimulation as little as 50 μm outside these areas was ineffective or elicited tonic or uncoordinated motor activity. Second, pharmacological stimulation with NMDA, kainate, or AMPA in the VMD or DLM reliably initiated well-coordinated spinal locomotor activity. In the RLR, stimulation with all three ionotropic EAA receptor agonists could initiate spinal locomotor activity, but NMDA or AMPA was more reliable than kainate. Third, with synaptic transmission blocked only in the brain, stimulation in the RLR, VMD, or DLM no longer initiated spinal locomotor activity, suggesting that these locomotor areas do not directly activate spinal locomotor networks. Fourth, following a complete transection at the mesencephalon-rhombencephalon border, stimulation in the RLR no longer initiated spinal motor activity. Thus, the RLR locomotor area does not appear able to initiate spinal locomotor activity by neural circuits confined entirely within the rhombencephalon but requires more rostral neural centers, such as those in the VMD and DLM, as previously proposed [Paggett et al. (2004) Neuroscience 125:25-33].

Research Highlights▶The RLR, DLM and VMD locomotor areas were confined to small brain areas. ▶NMDA and non-NMDA receptors are present in the brain locomotor areas. ▶The locomotor areas do not directly activate spinal locomotor networks. ▶The RLR locomotor area requires more rostral neural pathways in the brain.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Neuroscience - Volume 175, 17 February 2011, Pages 235-250
نویسندگان
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