Community congruence of plants, invertebrates and birds in natural and constructed shallow open-water wetlands: Do we need to monitor multiple assemblages?

► Multi-assemblage monitoring is necessary to evaluate biotic conditions at a wetland. ► The six most common wetland bioindicator assemblages respond to the same environmental gradients. ► They may act as surrogates in estimating the degree of disturbance at a wetland. ► Cross-assemblage concordance declines with increasing disturbance.