Effects of eutrophication and exotic crayfish on health status of two Spanish lakes: a joint application of ecological indicators

► We set out to study health status of lakes Sentiz and Chazas (León, NW Spain). ► Eco-exergy, emergy and eco-exergy-empower ratio quantify ecosystem health status. ► Eco-exergy-empower ratio reflects the perturbations better than the other indicators. ► We determine ecosystem services and sustainability from eco-exergy or work capacity. ► It is useful to apply thermodynamic holistic indicators for bio-invasion management.