The application of a novel Ti/SnO2–Sb2O3/PTFE-La-Ce-β-PbO2 anode on the degradation of cationic gold yellow X-GL in sono-electrochemical oxidation system

In this study, the novel PbO2 electrodes co-doped with rare earth (La and Ce) were prepared by electrodeposition technique. The rare earth co-doped electrode applied as an anode was carefully studied for the degradation of cationic gold yellow X-GL, in sono-electrochemical oxidation system. Optimal degradation conditions were achieved by investigating the effects of different parameters, such as initial concentrations, pH levels, electrolyte concentrations, current densities, on the constant frequency and power of ultrasound. Under the optimal conditions, removal rates of cationic gold yellow X-GL and COD were about 99.95% and 74.03%, respectively, after 2 h degradation. Moreover, the synergistic effect in sono-electrochemical oxidation system was also certificated and discussed. In addition, SEM images indicated that the surface of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O3/PTFE-La-Ce-β-PbO2 electrode had the dense structure and the preferred crystalline orientation, which could be helpful to improve the mass transportation and mineralization of cationic gold yellow X-GL.

► Typical rare earth and PTFE co-doped PbO2 electrode was prepared.
► The modification mechanism of rare earth doped on electrode surface was discussed.
► The novel PbO2 electrode was introduced in sono-electrochemical oxidation system.
► The sono-electrochemical oxidation system possessed an obvious synergistic effect.
► The degradation mechanism and pathway of X-GL was explored.