Performance of industrial scale hollow-fibre membranes in a submerged anaerobic MBR (HF-SAnMBR) system at mesophilic and psychrophilic conditions

► MLTS level was a key factor affecting membrane permeability. ► K was lower under mesophilic than psychrophilic conditions, at similar J and MLTS. ► Lower EPS and SMP were observed under mesophilic than psychrophilic conditions. ► EPS and SMP affected the three-dimensional floc matrix and the fouling propensity. ► No chemical cleaning was needed during the experimental period (almost 1 year).