CO2-selective methanol steam reforming on In-doped Pd studied by in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

► A multilayer Pd1In1 phase in MSR is highly CO2-selective between 493 and 623 K. ► An In-diluted PdIn intermetallic phase yields CO formation via full methanol dehydrogenation. ► Higher reaction temperatures are needed for comparable CO2-TOF values as on supported PdIn/In2O3. ► A bimetal-oxide synergism for efficient CO2 formation is operative.