Co-current flow effects on a rising Taylor bubble

► Simulations are performed to examine co-currents effects on a rising Taylor bubble. ► Upward co-currents elongate the tail and the bubble. ► Downward co-currents shorten the tail and the bubble. ► The terminal velocity is a linear function of the velocity ratio, and so is the wake length. ► Co-currents affect the distribution of wall shear stresses, but not the maximum.