A failure analysis of concrete composites incorporating fly ash during torsional loading

It can be concluded that the FA additive changes the behaviour of the concrete during cracking process. 20% FA additive causes a small increase of the Wf, while 30% FA additive causes a significant decrease in the work of fracture. On the other hand value of Δw is the smallest in concrete containing 20% FA while the greatest in composites with the addition of 30% FA.