Shape effect on axially loaded high strength CFST stub columns

Finally, the experimental ultimate loads of the specimens are compared with the corresponding failure loads given by the codes. In this case, comparison showed that Eurocode 4 and the Chinese and Australian standards overestimate the failure load of the specimens, particularly for square and rectangular CFST columns. The American code tends to be more conservative in its predictions for circular columns, although it is still unsafe for those with square and rectangular steel tubes.