Water emulsified hybrid pongamia biodiesel as a modified fuel for the experimental analysis of performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a direct injection diesel engine

Biodiesel is widely accepted as substitute fuel for diesel engine by scientist, engineers and researchers for its superior fuel quality compared to diesel in terms of emission. The environmental and social benefits got from biodiesel attract almost all section of people. The use of biodiesel in diesel engine reduces the green house gases like CO, HC and PM emission considerably, but the smoke and NOx emissions are high compare to diesel. In order to reduce the smoke and NOx emissions caused by biodiesel in diesel engine, an experimental study was conducted by using water emulsified pongamia biodiesel in a four stroke direct injection diesel engine. The result revealed 9% increase in BSFC and 5% decrease in BTE with a reduction of around 32% in NOx emission. The smoke has been reduced to 7.4%, the emission of CO and HC has been reduced to a marginal value of 2.3% and 1% respectively compared with that of B20 blend.