A self-supporting approach to EV agent participation in smart grid

The capability of an Electric Vehicle (EV) as an emergency power source for self-supporting in a Smart Grid is investigated. A multi-agent system including microgrid agent, home agents, and EV agents is defined to manage outages. The functions of agents are explained during the outage and in normal conditions. The microgrid agent orders the islanding operation of the homes in the faulty region. The home agent allocates the loads and the required power from the EVs to optimize the costs during the outage. The EV agent infers the stochastic behavior of the EV used for optimization. It also controls the active and reactive power flow of the EV according to the smart home commands. The simulations of the energy management of the proposed system during a fault in the microgrid for the faulty region, or a fault at the main feeder of the microgrid show promising results.