Design and numerical analysis: Effect of core and cladding area on hybrid hexagonal microstructure optical fiber in environment pollution sensing applications

This paper presents a micro-cored Hybrid Hexagonal shape photonic crystal fiber (PCF) for the higher sensitivity response in a wide range of wavelengths ranging from 1400 to 1640 nm. Numerical investigation is carried out by applying the full vectorial finite elements method (FV-FEM) with perfectly matched layer (PML) as an absorbing boundary condition regime. The proposed structure is suitable for highly sensible of standard multi-mode fiber (MMF) over E + S + C + L + U communication bands. Rigorous computational results are strongly evident that the proposed PCF acquires the highest relative sensitivity of about 62.24% at the controlling wavelength λ = 1.40 μm which will be applicable for monitoring environment in aspects of harmful and toxic chemical sensing. The proposed H-HPCF structure can be fabricated using a sol-gel technique method and is expected to be useful for wideband imaging and communicating applications too.