Power consumption model of sector breathing based congestion control in mobile network

According to Cooper's law, the number of conversations per location doubles every two and a half years. Therefore, congestion control has become a promising research area. Nowadays small cell deployment has become a solution to deal with congestion. If large numbers of small cells are allocated for congestion control, then two critical issues will arise: densification and interference management. In such a scenario sector breathing can offer low power congestion control by avoiding densification problem. This paper proposes a power consumption model for sector breathing based congestion control in a mobile network. With sector breathing, a congested cell is sectored at an angle of 60° or 120°. The congested sectors are then identified. The lightly loaded neighbour cells of the congested sector are sectored at 60°. The sectors of the lightly loaded cell capture the border region customers of the adjacent congested sector by increasing the coverage area. When the transmitter antenna of the adjacent lightly loaded sector expands coverage to provide service to the subscribers residing at the border region of the congested sector, the transmitter antenna of the congested sector reduces its coverage area. The simulation results indicate that sector breathing reduces the power transmission of the BS antennas by approximately 6-75% and 62-75% compared cell breathing and dense femtocell allocation based congestion controls respectively. Simulation results also show that sector breathing reduces the power consumption of the BS antennas by approximately 6-64% and 82-90% compared with the cell breathing and dense femtocell allocation based congestion controls, respectively. Hence sector breathing is a green congestion control approach.