Analysis and optimization of process parameters in Al-SiCp laser cladding

The laser cladding process parameters have great effect on the clad geometry and on dilution in the single and multi-pass aluminum matrix composite reinforced with SiC particles (Al/SiCp) coatings on ZE41 magnesium alloys deposited using a high-power diode laser (HPLD). The influence of the laser power (500-700 W), scan speed (3-17 mm/s) and laser beam focal position (focus, positive and negative defocus) on the shape factor, cladding-bead geometry, cladding-bead microstructure (including the presence of pores and cracks), and hardness has been evaluated. The correlation of these process parameters and their influence on the properties and ultimately, on the feasibility of the cladding process, is demonstrated. The importance of focal position is demonstrated. The different energy distribution of the laser beam cross section in focus plane or in positive and negative defocus plane affect on the cladding-bead properties.