In vivo evaluation of micro-rough and bioactive titanium dental implants using histometry and pull-out tests

► The surface treatment, 2Step, consists of grit blasting and thermo-chemical process. ► 2Step induced faster bone regeneration and better mechanical retention than others. ► 2Step implants grew an apatitic layer in vivo that coated their surface. ► This layer is responsible for the faster integration of this type of implants. ► Blasted implants have better bone retention than acid-etched or machined implants.