Natural Propulsion with Lorentz Force and Nanoparticles in a Bioinspired Lopsided Ciliated Channel

The transportation of biological and industrial nanofluids by natural propulsion like cilia movement and self-generated contraction-relaxation of flexible walls has tremendous applications in various fields. Inspired by multidisciplinary invention in this direction, a fluid mechanical model is proposed to study the Magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) and heat transfer for nanofluids fabricated by the dispersion of nanoparticles in water as base fluid. The steady flow is induced by metachronal wave propulsion due to beating cilia. The flow regime is asymmetric channel. The flow is restricted under the low Reynolds number and long wavelength approximations. Cilia boundary conditions for velocity components are employed to find the exact solutions. The impacts of pertinent physical parameters on temperature profile, velocity profile, pressure, and stream lines are computed numerically. It is observed that velocity is inversely proportional to magnetic Reynolds number, Reynolds number, Strommer's number and velocity is directly proportional to flow rate. It is analyzed that temperature is inversely proportional to Strommer's number and magnetic Reynolds number and directly proportional to Brinkmann number and flow rate. The temperature is maximum at the center of the channel and it starts decreasing towards the boundary walls.