Fabrication and characterization of rutile-phased titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanorods array with various reaction times using one step hydrothermal method

Rutile titanium dioxide nanorods array were fabricated on fluorine-doped tin oxide by using hydrothermal method. The influences of hydrothermal reaction time on morphology, structure property, crystallization, and Raman spectra have been investigated. The hydrothermal treatment was conducted by varying the reaction time at 4, 10, 16, and 24 h with temperature of 150 °C. The nanostructure samples were analyzed using field emission-scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The resulting nanorods array shows increasing diameter as the reaction time increased. Meanwhile, the growth of the nanorods stop at one point as can be seen in its thickness, x-ray diffraction, and Raman spectra. This behavior can be attributed to hydrolysis rate of the precursor titanium butoxide (TBOT) as the reaction time increased.