کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
7276804 | 1473573 | 2018 | 6 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Automatic and controlled attentional orienting in the elderly: A dual-process view of the positivity effect
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
هدایت توجه و کنترل اتوماتیک و کنترل شده در سالمندان: نمای دوگانه ای از تاثیر مثبت است
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کلمات کلیدی
اثر مثبت، فرآیندهای توجه کنترل شده، فرایندهای توجه خودکار کار دونده پروب،
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علم عصب شناسی
علوم اعصاب شناختی
چکیده انگلیسی
The positivity effect in the elderly consists of an attentional preference for positive information as well as avoidance of negative information. Extant theories predict either that the positivity effect depends on controlled attentional processes (socio-emotional selectivity theory), or on an automatic gating selection mechanism (dynamic integration theory). This study examined the role of automatic and controlled attention in the positivity effect. Two dot-probe tasks (with the duration of the stimuli lasting 100â¯ms and 500â¯ms, respectively) were employed to compare the attentional bias of 35 elderly people to that of 35 young adults. The stimuli used were expressive faces displaying neutral, disgusted, fearful, and happy expressions. In comparison to young people, the elderly allocated more attention to happy faces at 100â¯ms and they tended to avoid fearful faces at 500â¯ms. The findings are not predicted by either theory taken alone, but support the hypothesis that the positivity effect in the elderly is driven by two different processes: an automatic attention bias toward positive stimuli, and a controlled mechanism that diverts attention away from negative stimuli.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Acta Psychologica - Volume 185, April 2018, Pages 229-234
Journal: Acta Psychologica - Volume 185, April 2018, Pages 229-234
نویسندگان
G. Gronchi, S. Righi, L. Pierguidi, F. Giovannelli, I. Murasecco, M.P. Viggiano,