Prime and probability: Causal knowledge affects inferential and predictive effects on self-agency experiences

► Experiences of self-agency rely on motor predictions and cognitive inferences. ► We examined how causal knowledge about action-outcome relations interacts with these factors. ► Self-agency over primed and non-primed outcomes was judged after learning action outcome relations. ► Prediction effects only emerged when actions and outcomes were causally related. ► Inference effects also occurred when no relevant causal knowledge was acquired.