Magnetic force memory effect using a magnetostrictive material and a shape memory piezoelectric actuator composite

A magnetic force memory effect was realized by applying a pulse voltage to a composite structure comprising a magnetostrictive material and a shape memory piezoelectric actuator. The latter was produced by controlling the electrical imprint field, and the magnetostrictive material attached to the shape memory piezoelectric actuator maintained a certain permeability value. This composite structure was mounted into a magnetic circuit together with a permanent magnet. By applying a pulsed voltage to the actuator, the magnetic force from the permanent magnet was modified due to a change in the permeability. Following pulse operation, two distinct magnetic forces could be maintained without electrical input.