A projection of energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in the electricity sector for Saudi Arabia: The case for carbon capture and storage and solar photovoltaics

The paper examined the case study of the Saudi electricity sector and provided projections for energy use and respective carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions for the period 2010-2025 with and without cleaner energy technologies. Based on two sets of 20 life cycle assessment studies for carbon capture and storage and solar photovoltaic technologies, CO2 emission reduction rates were used for projecting future CO2 emissions. Results showed enormous savings in CO2 emissions, for the most likely case, year 2025 reported savings that range from 136 up to 235 MtCO2. Including low growth and high growth cases, these savings could range from 115 up to 468 MtCO2 presenting such an unrivalled opportunity for Saudi Arabia. These projections were developed as a way of translating the inherent advantages that cleaner energy technologies could provide for CO2 emissions savings. It is hoped that the results of this paper would inform energy policymaking in Saudi Arabia.