Analysis of the distribution and evolution of energy supply and demand centers of gravity in China

► We studied China's coal, oil, gas, and electricity distribution from 1997 to 2009. ► We quantified the evolution of the energy supply and demand centers of gravity. ► The study revealed spatial variations in the gap between energy supply and demand. ► The pattern was closely related to energy strategies and resource reserves. ► The results provide support for coordinating regional development.