Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin based on Gemini surfactant protected gold nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode

Gold nanoparticle stabilized by Gemini surfactant (GEM16-3-16-Au) was synthesized in aqueous solution of 1,3-bis(cetyldimethylammonium) propane dibromide (GEM16-3-16) by the reduction of HAuCl4 with UV irradiation and characterized by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The size of AuNPs is uniform and the average diameter is about 20 nm. The direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin (Hb) can be facilely achieved by incorporated into the GEM16-3-16-Au film on the glassy carbon electrode. A couple of quasi-reversible redox peaks of Hb were observed on the Hb/GEM16-3-16-Au/GC electrode at about −0.256 V and −0.206 V in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0). The results indicated that GEM16-3-16-Au film on GC electrode provided a favorable microenvironment both for immobilization of Hb and for electron transfer between Hb and electrode.