Construyendo ciudadanía inclusiva y movimientos sociales de participación desde España e Italia: Una perspectiva comparada*

Currently, the redefinition of citizenship and the progressive increase of social movements to participation are two urgent democratic challenges in Spain and Italy. Firstly, the struggle for inclusion of immigrants stresses democratic principles because there is a constitutional clause that links voting rights to the criteria of reciprocity and in Italy a legal and doctrinal labyrinth about the need for constitutional reform. Secondly, the movements to citizen participation and social resilience as the 15-M in Spain and M5s in Italy claim a greater role for citizens and their interests in the constitution of social and democratic state of law. Both examples in the two states analyzed show how representative democracy allows exclusions or fractures of legitimacy, so it is time to set up a model of inclusive citizenship and legitimate democracy to meet social demands.