In vivo determination of aluminum, cobalt, chromium, copper, nickel, titanium and vanadium in oral mucosa cells from orthodontic patients with mini-implants by Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)

- In vivo metal release from orthodontic appliances and miniscrew by ICP-MS.
- The following ascending order of metals was found in oral mucosa cells: Cr < Ni < Ti < Cu < Al.
- Co and V values were practically undetectable in oral mucosa cells.
- Higher Ni levels were found in orthodontic patients and with miniscrew vs. control.
- Cu values were detected in orthodontic patients in comparison to control group.