A voltammetric sensor for simultaneous determination of lead, cadmium and zinc on an activated carbon fiber rod

A simple, low cost and sensitive voltammetric sensor was developed for the simultaneous detection of Pb2+, Cd2+, and Zn2+ based on a disposable carbon fiber rod (CFR). The important factors to enhance the sensing property were creation of a clean surface by dealing with CFR at a high potential and electrochemical deposition of Bi film to improve the accumulation of heavy metal ions.