Human impacts on genetic diversity and differentiation in six natural populations of Madhuca hainanensis, an endemic and endangered timber species in China

► Genetic characterization of endangered Madhuca hainanensis was primarily explored. ► 15 ISSR primers generated 98 amplified fragments, 97% of which were polymorphic. ► Low genetic diversity within population and high genetic differentiation were found. ► The above genetic pattern of M. hainanensis was due to human disturbance.