Influences of harvesting on genetic diversity and population structure of Anemone altaica (Ranunculaceae), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb

► Anemone altaica has a high genetic diversity at species level and within populations. ► There is no significant genetic differentiation within and among natural populations. ► Medium harvesting intensity may benefit the maintenance of its genetic diversity. ► Long-term over-harvesting may impact on its genetic diversity.