Phenolic compounds from Iris rossii, and their chemotaxonomic and systematic significance

► we isolated flavonoids and xanthones from the flowers and leaves of Iris rossii. ► we obtained the chloroplast DNA sequences and determined the phylogenetic tree. ► Ten compounds were isolated and characterized from the flowers and leaves. ► Three C-arabinosylflavones were isolated from Iris for the first time. ► Phylogeny revealed relationships between I. rossii and series Chinenses species.