Highly efficient blue light-emitting diodes containing spirofluorene derivatives end-capped with triphenylamine/phenylcarbazole

► We develop five blue fluorescent emitters with triphenylamine/phenylcarbazole-substituted spirofluorene derivatives. ► We examine changes in position of spirobifluorene in the terminal groups. ► These blue-emitting materials (1-5) possess highly efficient electroluminescent properties.