Effects of stop–start features on residual stresses in a multipass austenitic stainless steel weld

In this article we describe experiments that characterise and quantify the localised perturbations in residual stress associated with both ramped and abrupt stop–start features in a multipass weld. Residual stress distributions in AISI Grade 304L/308L stainless steel groove-welded specimens, containing weld interruptions that were introduced in a controlled manner, have been characterised using both neutron diffraction and the incremental deep hole drilling method. The extent to which the localised stresses associated with the interruptions were annealed by overlayed passes was also assessed. The results suggest that, regardless of the type of interruption, there can be significant localised increases in residual stress if the stop–start feature is left exposed. If further weld passes are deposited, then the localised increases in stress are likely to persist if the interruption was abrupt, whereas for a ramped interruption they may be dissipated.

► In this study the residual stress-field surrounding weld interruptions was measured.
► Localised stresses were found to increase at weld interruptions.
► Both ramped and abrupt weld interruptions were investigated.
► After subsequent weld passes, localised stresses persisted for abrupt interruptions.
► After subsequent weld passes, localised stresses dissipated for ramped interruptions.