Spatially-resolved analysis of the challenges and opportunities of Power-to-Gas (PtG) in Baden-Württemberg until 2040

The detailed analysis of four structurally-different model regions delivered quite different results. While in large cities, no negative residual load is likely due to the continuously high demand and strong networks, rural areas with high potentials for renewables could encounter several thousand hours of negative residual load. A cost-effective operation of PtG would only be possible under favorable conditions, including high full load hours, a strong reduction in costs and a technical improvement of efficiency. Whilst these conditions are not expected to appear in the short to mid-term but may occur in the long term in energy systems with very high shares of renewable energy sources.