Simple and effective methods to match photovoltaic power generation to the grid load profile for a PV based energy system

This article shows how PV power plants should be adapted to load requirements to achieve peak power output during periods of high demand via the following actions: azimuth and tilt angle modifications, the use of angle-selective optical surfaces, thermal conditioning of PV modules, and smart site selection. Moreover, the article also addresses several possibilities regarding load management, such as load shifting, inducements, load adaptation, and appropriate market design. A new, non-technical method is the shift of the holiday season from summer to winter, which has the potential to achieve effective results at small costs within the shortest period.