17.46% efficient and highly stable carbon-based planar perovskite solar cells employing Ni-doped rutile TiO2 as electron transport layer

17.46% efficient and highly stable carbon-based planar perovskite solar cells employing Ni-doped rutile TiO2 as electron transport layer are demonstrated. Ni-doping boosts the power conversion efficiency of the PSCs from 15.82% to 17.46% due to the improved conductivity and charge mobility as well as the suppressed recombination.345