Dominant factors to produce single droplet per cycle using drop-on-demand technology driven by pulse electromagnetic force

A nontoxic liquid metal droplets, such as gallium based eutectic alloys, has been used to develop the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Therefore, a droplet generator on demand has been proposed to study the formation process of droplet by using pulse electromagnetic force technology. It allows the production of uniform droplet in a controlled way, which entails important technological advantages over existing techniques. The results indicates that, compared with triangular wave and sine wave, the pulse wave can produce single droplet per cycle at a constant amplitude current and higher droplet formation frequency; the process parameters, such as the amplitude, frequency of input current, and electronic pulse width have a significant effect on the droplet formation. This work provides a useful parameter-selection approach for droplets production.