Design and analysis of a high-intensity LED lighting module for underwater illumination

▸ The underwater LED light source transfer model can be used to evaluate the LED light module illumination distance and zone in various underwater environments. ▸ The underwater LED light source transfer model successfully presented and fabrication the underwater LED lamp. ▸ The LED underwater light module can enhance about 81% of illumination zone efficiency compared to the traditional (HID) underwater lamp. ▸ This study successfully presented the LED light source underwater light-field distribution, underwater illuminance, and illumination zone of different emission angles.