Biosequestration of industrial off-gas CO2 for enhanced lipid productivity in open microalgae cultivation systems

We discuss the mechanisms of carbon fixation and lipid synthesis in microalgal cells, commercial microalgae cultivation systems, and the limitations and potentials of utilizing industrial off-gases. The influences of operational and environmental factors on CO2 sequestration rates and lipid production, as well as manipulative approaches for enhanced lipid production are also reviewed.