Characteristics of electrical energy storage technologies and their applications in buildings

It is concluded that Li-ion batteries, which today have a limited use in the built environment, and Zn-air batteries that will be commercialised in 2013/14 are amongst the most promising technologies for buildings due to their exceptionally high energy density. They are expected to play an important role in reliable, economical and energy efficient building design in the future. NaNiCl batteries, which are currently used in vehicles, are also considered an important technology for buildings, because of their high cycle lifetime and their high peak power capability.