Experimental improvement of 750-keV H− beam transport at LANSCE Accelerator Facility

The 750-keV low-energy beam transport of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) Linac consists of two independent beam lines that facilitate simultaneous injection of H+ and H− beams into the linear accelerator. The efficiency of beam transport within this structure is largely controlled by the effects of space-charge neutralization. In this paper, we report a series of experiments that were performed to determine the level, as well as the required timescale for the onset of beam space charge neutralization. Measurements performed along the structure indicate significant variation of neutralized space charge beam dynamics in the beamline, and the corresponding results have been used to substantially improve beam transport with diminished beam losses. The analysis of experimental and theoretical data employed in optimization of beam performance in the transport line is discussed.