The use of composite materials in modern orthopaedic medicine and prosthetic devices: A review

The use of fibre reinforced composite materials for biomedical purposes is reviewed. The development of polymer composite materials has, in recent years, led to technological advances across a wide range of applications in modern orthopaedic medicine and prosthetic devices. Composites typically possess a superior strength to weight characteristic compared to monolithic materials and offer excellent biocompatibility. They are, therefore, favourable for both hard- and soft-tissue applications as well as the design of prostheses. In particular, the development of specifically designed carbon fibre sports prostheses now allows lower-limb amputees to actively participate in competitive sports. Sensory feedback systems, porous composite materials for tissue engineering and functional coatings for metallic implants are further developments anticipated to be introduced in next generation orthopaedic medicine.

► The use of fibre reinforced composite materials for biomedical purposes is reviewed.
► Composites are favourable for hard- and soft-tissue applications, and prosthetics.
► Polymer composites have excelled orthopaedic medicine and prosthetics’ design.
► Sensory feedback systems, composite scaffolds, and coatings are future developments.
► Carbon fibre sports prostheses allow amputees to participate in competitive sports.