Bladder Cancer Patterns of Pelvic Failure: Implications for Adjuvant Radiation Therapy

Patterns of failure within the pelvis are summarized to facilitate design of adjuvant RT protocols. These data suggest that RT should target at least the iliac/obturator nodes in stage ≥pT3 with negative margins; coverage of the presacral nodes and cystectomy bed may be necessary for stage ≥pT3 with positive margins.