کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
8398351 | 1544178 | 2011 | 6 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Tetrodotoxin levels in larval and metamorphosed newts (Taricha granulosa) and palatability to predatory dragonflies
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
بیوشیمی، ژنتیک و زیست شناسی مولکولی
بیوشیمی، ژنتیک و زیست شناسی مولکولی (عمومی)
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چکیده انگلیسی
Some populations of the newt Taricha granulosa possess extremely high concentrations of the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin (TTX). Tetrodotoxin is present in adult newts and their eggs, but has been assumed to be absent from the larval stage. We tested larval and metamorphosed juveniles for the presence of TTX and evaluated the palatability of these developmental stages to predatory dragonfly nymphs. All developmental stages retained substantial quantities of TTX and almost all individuals were unpalatable to dragonfly nymphs. Tetrodotoxin quantity varied greatly among individuals. When adjusted for mass, TTX concentrations declined steadily through metamorphosis. Several juveniles were palatable to dragonflies and these individuals had significantly lower TTX levels than unpalatable juveniles. These results suggest that despite previous assumptions, substantial quantities of TTX, originally deposited in the embryo, are retained by the developing larvae and metamorphosed juveniles and this quantity is enough to make them unpalatable to some potential predators.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Toxicon - Volume 57, Issues 7â8, June 2011, Pages 978-983
Journal: Toxicon - Volume 57, Issues 7â8, June 2011, Pages 978-983
نویسندگان
Brian G. Gall, Amber N. Stokes, Susannah S. French, Elizabeth A. Schlepphorst, Edmund D. III, Edmund D. Jr.,