Numerical simulation for single order diffraction properties of sinusoidal grating in soft X-ray region

On the strength of the description of scalar diffraction theory, the difference between the sinusoidal grating and the black–white transmission grating in diffraction is caused by the transmittance of aperture. The diffraction experiment of sinusoidal grating in soft X-ray region is simulated by Matlab through the physical formulas is parsed. The conclusion attained in this simulation is that the distance of the 0th and 1st diffraction lines of sinusoidal grating is proportional to the wavelength of the incident light, transfer distance and the grating frequency, and is independent of the amplitude modulation, which affects peak intensity of the 1st diffraction. Additionally the main lobe width of the 1st diffraction is also influenced by the wavelength, transfer distance and grating effective acreage. This provides the theoretical basis for the property testing and the future widening of the application of the sinusoidal grating.