Experimental and histological investigations of the bone using two different Oscillating Osteotomy techniques compared with conventional rotary osteotomy

Over the past decade, coinciding with the appearance of a number of new ultrasonic surgical devices, there has been a marked increase in interest in the use of ultrasound in oral surgery and implantology as alternative osteotomy method. The aim of this study was the comparison of the effect of osteotomies performed using ultrasonic surgery (Piezosurgery®), sonic surgery SONICflex® and the conventional bur method on the heat generation within the bone underneath the osteotomy and light-microscopy observations of the bone at different cutting positions in porcine mandibular segments. It was found that the average heat generated by SONICflex® sonic device was close to that by conventional rotary bur (1.54-2.29 °C), whereas Piezosurgery® showed a high generated heat up to 18.17 °C. Histological investigations of the bone matrix adjacent to the defect radius showed intact osteocytes with all three instruments and similar wide damage diameter at the bottom region. SONICflex® showed smooth cutting surfaces with minimal damage in the upper defect zone. Finally, presented results showed that sonic surgery performed with SONICflex® is an alternative osteotomy method and can be used as an alternative to the conventional bur method.