Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is required for modulating endothelial inflammatory response through a nongenomic mechanism

In conclusion, our data provide the first evidence that PPARγ is involved in the anti-inflammatory action of TZD in endothelial cells, not only by modulating cyto/chemokine secretions but also by restraining ERK activation through a novel rapid nongenomic mechanism.