Sequential gene regulatory events leading to glucocorticoid-evoked apoptosis of CEM human leukemic cells:interactions of MAPK, MYC and glucocorticoid pathways

Interactions of GR, MYC and MAPK pathways, from analysis of time course of altered gene regulation in CEM cells. GC (triangle) enters cell and activates GR, which by up- or down-regulating many genes, causes lowered activity and or amounts of antiapoptotic ERK and JNK and enhanced activity of proapoptotic p38. In forward feedback, p38 phosphorylates a specific ser of GR, which further enhances GR activity. GR down-regulates Myc which reduces transcription of JNK and further affects MAPKs via downregulation of various (yellow) other Myc-dependent genes. All arrows indicate direct or indirect regulation. Large right-angle arrows, up or down regulation. .Red indicates increased activity/amount; green, decreased.142