The function of miR-199a-5p/Klotho regulating TLR4/NF-κB p65/NGAL pathways in rat mesangial cells cultured with high glucose and the mechanism

Schematic representation of the miR-199a-5p/Klotho signaling pathways involved in the HG-induced fibrosis and inflammation in RMCs. High glucose up-regulates miR-199a-5p expression and decreases Klotho expression, resulting in activating the TLR4/NF-κB p65/NGAL signaling pathways and the downstream fibrosis and inflammation. HG, high glucose; TLR4, toll-like receptor-4; NF-κB p65, nuclear factor-κB p65; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin; FN, fibronectin; CTGF, connective tissue growth factor; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; CXCL5, chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 5.93