Oxidative and other posttranslational modifications in extracellular vesicle biology

- Extracellular vesicles are increasingly recognised players of intercellular communication.
- Most frequently studied posttranslational modifications include glycosylation, phosphorylation, oxidation and citrullination.
- Posttranslational modifications have major impact on vesicle biogenesis, cargo sorting and vesicular uptake.
- Enzymes capable of carrying out posttranslational modifications are transported by extracellular vesicles.
- Characteristic posttranslational modifications of extracellular vesicle proteins may associate with specific pathophysiological processes.