The effect of photonic crystal arrangement on metamaterial characteristic at THz domain

Arrangement and shapes of the photonic crystal are effective parameters on its material characteristic such as permittivity, permeability and negative reflection. Here, the photonic crystal effects on metamaterial near-zero characteristic are investigated for uniform and non-uniform arrangement of via holes in PBG structure at THz regime for 0.4–0.8 THz. Nicolson–Rose method has been used here to calculate the metamaterial parameters of PBG structures and showing near-zero characteristic. Here, it is shown that by changing in radius and PBG arrangement, frequency is shifted in working range and also simultaneously it is able to see this change at permittivity and permeability for each arrangement of PBG. Also, it is shown these changes affected the patch antenna resonance. The near-zero parameters are extracted by CST simulation based on time domain method and Matlab.